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Introduction to QDOS -------------------- 1) What is QDOS ? QDOS is an Operatingsystem designed for small 68000 computers, which provides multitasking, a virtual device interface for grafics, an easy to program device driver interface, and last, but not least a highly sophisticated structured and expandable resident command language interpreter called "SuperBASIC". Since it was first implemented on a computer with only 128K RAM and 48K ROM this operating system and its supporting Software and compilers are small and very efficient, mostly programmed directly in native 68000 machinecode. This makes QDOS the ultimate operating system for all small computers like for example the Amiga 500 and single board controller computers, which can use a real time operating system and the whole support software for their applications. QDOS was written by Tony Tebby, who has my deep respect for this. 2) Why QDOS ? You may now say, why bothering with QDOS when I have Amiga DOS, which provides multitasking too, and can use all the fuzzy features of the Amiga without any effort ? Okay, you are a real horsetrader. Take for example the pretty serial interface, isn't it nice ? It looks really good, and the preferences can be set to any value, but this does not mean, that these values have anything to do with what is happening in the head of the Amiga. So the handshake lines have a really unsatisfactory live, allways ignored by the software. Or what's about getting rid of a task which has become superfluos, try throwing it in the nice Trashcan of your Workbench. But don't tell it to the Guru, he may get angry ! Enough ? Oh no, There is another bill concerning the rundimentary command line interpreter, and this unbelievable stupid Amiga BASIC. ...I stop here, because I get headache when I think about it. But I can tell you, what are the real advantages: 1) You can easily intervent in every software and datafiles, since QDOS is small and surveyly. QDOS is (at least on the QL) a higly reliable operating system, which is hardly crashed 2) Software devellopment using Superbasic and a compiler is an easy interactive process. For small problems this is by far the fastest solution 3) You have a very nice operating system for develloping realtime applications for single board computers for measurement and controll 4) QDOS is (directliy behind MS-DOS) one of the mostly emulated Operating systems. It is implemented for example on the Atari ST, now on the Amiga, and on a series of dedicated computers: the Sinclair QL, the OPD, the Thor, and the Futura. 3) Introduction to SuperBASIC *) QDOS special keys <Ctrl><F5> freezes the screen (Hold Screen on normal Terminals) <Ctrl><Space> Break for BASIC programms, Leaves EXEC_W programs <Ctrl><Alt><7> (N)MI BASIC Warmstart <Ctrl><Alt><Shift><Amiga><Return> QDOS 200K cold start a) general structure Superbasic programs consists of lines, which start with a positive non zero integer, and contain one or more statements, which are separated by ":". Identifiers are separated by any non zero number of spaces. Identifiers can consist of letters, numbers and the underliner. The length of names is only restricted by the amount of typing work, you want to spend. Names are not case sensitive. Integer Functions and variables are identified by a trailing "%", String functions and Variables have a trailing "$". String constants can be enclosed in single or double qoute. The ":" has the function of a null statement and can therefore be the only statment on a line. Comments are introduced by a REMark statment, which can be abrieviated by REM. DATA items are separated by "," where String type items must be enclosed in single or double qoute. The DATA statement must be the first statement on a line. This line is treated as comment. You can read DATA by a READ var[,var2,...] statement. The DATA pointer can be restored to any linenumber by a RESTORE [n] statement b) structured loops There are only two types of loops, but they have powerfull extras: The First one is the FOR loop, which looks like follows: FOR index=start_expr TO end_expr [STEP expr] .... [NEXT index] .... [EXIT index] .... END FOR index index must be a floating point variable, the STEP expression can be non integer, default is 1. FOR loops are enclosed between FOR ... END FOR index. In a single line FOR loop, the END FOR terminator can be omitted The NEXT keyword jumps back to the FOR statement, whereas the EXIT statement forces a jump behind the END FOR statement. The second loop is the REPeat loop: REPeat loop_name .... [NEXT loop_name] .... [EXIT loop_name] .... END REPeat loop_name You can only escape from the loop with an EXIT statment. The NEXT statement will restart the loop at REPeat. You normally will test a termination condition at the start (WHILE) or at the end (REPEAT UNTIL) and EXIT. Example: 100 REPeat Read_data 110 IF EOF(#3) THEN EXIT Read_data 120 INPUT #3,a$ 130 PRINT a$ 140 END REPeat Read_data c) IF ... THEN ... ELSE ... END IF Single line IF statements do not need to be terminated with END IF. The operators AND,OR,XOR are logical, not bitwise ! For Integer bitwise operators use &&,||,^^. d) selecting data (CASE OF, SWITCH ON) Select variables must be Floating point type, and no formal parameters are allowed. The format then is: SELect ON Sel_var =1 : ... =3,6,8 : ... =10 TO 99 : ... =REMAINDER : ... END SELect e) procedures, functions and parameters PROCedures and FuNctions can be ordered top down or bottom up or free style. They can be recursive, Parameters can be modified. The definition is introduced with DEFine PROCedure name[(par1,par2...)] or DEFine FuNction name[(par1,par2...)] The formal parameters do not have a type ! String FuNctions must end with a '$', integer FuNctions with '%'. The next line after the Definition contains the LOCal variable list which is introduced by the keyword LOCal. You should not try to declare more than 9 local variables, since this may confuse the Interpreter. Arrays can be dimensioned at declaration time: LOCal var1,var2$,var3(100,10) FuNctions return theier result using the RETurn statement. The RETurn statement can be used without any argument to escape from a procedure. RETurn result The FuNction and PROCedure is terminated using the END DEFine statement: END DEFine name Example: 100 DEFine FuNction FAK(n) 110 LOCal m 120 IF n=0 THEN 130 m=1 140 ELSE 150 m=n-1 : m=n*FAK(m) 160 END IF 170 RETurn m 180 END DEFine FAK f) !!! string handling and array slicing !!! String handling on Superbasic is very different from any other language ! A string expression can consist of String constants enclosed in single quote or double quote String variables terminated with '$' String slices which consist of the name, and a range: A$(3 TO 6) String functions and the concanation operator, which is the ampersand: '&' Array and string slices need not to specify start and end: A( TO 8) will start with the first element A(3 TO) will end with the last element. this can be wrong for strings, since the number of elements is not allways the length of a string ! arrays and array slices can be passed to procedures, but slices are considered as expressions, and can therefore not return values from a procedure. INSTR is implemented as operator , not as Function ! Example: N= "TEST" INSTR A$ return the position of "TEST" Strings can have a length of up to 32767 characters. Strings can be Dimensioned. If you need an Array of Strings, the last index specifies the length of the string g) error processing There are different kinds of error processing for SUPERBASIC. The official one only works in the pure interpreter mode: 10 WHEN ERROR 20 PRINT 'sorry, there was an error:',ERNUM,'at ',ERLIN 30 END WHEN or for debuging purposes: 10 WHEN a=123 20 PRINT 'The Value has reached the Limit !' 30 END WHEN The WHEN statements must have been executed once, before they become active. If You compile programs with the Qliberator, you should use the QERR_ON 'function' , QERR_OFF 'function' procedure, which traps error returns and set a flag which can be read with Q_ERR. h) interfacing to assembler This is probably one of the biggest advantages of SUPERBASIC over nearly all other BASIC interpreters I know. You can easily add new functions and procedures to the interpreter, which then will behave as if they have ever belonged to it. The following VECTORED UTILITIES are designed to assist you: BP.INIT $110 A1=pointer to definition list initialize procedures and functions CA.GTINT $112 A1=pointer to stack , A3/A5=first/last parameter get any number of integer parameters from BASIC to stack CA.GTFP $114 as above get floating point (6 bytes !) CA.GTSTR $116 as above get string CA.GTLIN $118 as above get long integer (4 byte) BV.CHRIX $11A D1.L=number of bytes allocate space on arithmetic stack BP.LET $120 A3=pointer to name table entry return parameter value to BASIC The error is returned as negative Number in D0 A normal RTS instruction should be used to return to BASIC. A6 should never be changed, since this is used as pointer to the BASIC memory area. For more Details have a look at some assembler sources. i) command summary (376 functions and procedures) *1 = T.Tebby toolkit 2 *2 = Turbo Toolkit (supplied with TURBO basic compiler) *3 = Qliberator toolkit *4 = any other toolkit or program _R grafic commands refer to the last plotted point as origin. Graphic coordinates refer to a virtual device with non integer coordinates, which can be scaled using SCALE. This makes it possible (in principle) to output graphics on any device with maximum resolution. You should not wonder about the strange factor between X and Y coordinates, this is the monitor X/Y relation, which makes circles round. PIXEL coordinates are physical coordinates (X=0..511, Y=0..255) With the T.Tebby Toolkit 2 #n is almost synonym with \filename, which will act on the file directly, instead on a channel. Job handling requires the name as string or the ID in the form Number,Tag. ABS(F) returns positive number ACOS(F) returns inverse of cosine ACOT(F) returns inverse of cotangent ADATE n advance date in seconds (+ or -) AJOB ID% or NAME$, priority% *1 activates a job ALARM h%,m% *1 can not work on the amiga, since sound is not emulated ALCHP(n) *1 allocates space (n bytes) in the common heap area and returns the address of the first byte to use ALLOCATION ? sometimes I am wondering myself ALTKEY Key$,String$ *1 if you type the key in key$ together with the <ALT> key afterwards, the String in String$ will be displayed. ARC [#n,]x,y TO x1,y1,angle draw an arc between x,y and x1,y1 ARC_R same as ARC, but uses relative coordinates ASIN(F) returns the inverse sine AT [#n,]y%,x% set cursorusing character coordinates ATAN(F) returns the inverse tangent AUTO n,i old fashioned basic programming tool BASIC_B% *2 ?????????????????? BASIC_F *2 BASIC_INDEX% *2 BASIC_L *2 BASIC_NAME$ *2 BASIC_POINTER *2 BASIC_TYPE% *2 BASIC_W% *2 ??????????????????? BAUD n% set baudrate for serial transmission BEEP any number of parameters can not work on the amiga, since sound is not emulated BEEPING will return nonsense BGET #n[\ptr],list_of_vars *1 get bytes from a file, refering to a pointer BICOP *my own toolkit, makes a hardcopy sideways BIN(str$) *1 binary conversion BIN$(n,bits) *1 returns a string containing binary representation of n BLOCK [#n,]x,y,bx,by,c draws a rectangle at x,y in colour c , PIXEL coordinates ! BLOOK(a$,adr) *my own toolkit, searches for a string in memory BMOVE start,end,to *my own toolkit, memory block move BORDER [#n,]w,c gives a border with thickness w in colour c BPUT #n[\ptr],list_of_vars *1 but bytes into a file, refering to a pointer CALL PC[,D1,D2,D3,D4,D5,D6,D7,A0,A1,A2,A3,A4,A5] call a machine code programm CATNAP *2 ????? CDEC$(value,field,ndp) *1 currency conversion CHANNEL_ID(#n) *2 returns QDOS channel ID for basic channel #n CHARGE *2 should run the TURBO compiler. Crash system ! CHAR_INC [#n,]x_inc,y_innc *1 set character spacing CHAR_USE [#n,]adr1,adr2 *1 set address of new character font (first and second) CHR$(n%) returns character with ascii number n CIRCLE [#n,]x,y,r[,eccentricity,angle] draw a circle or ellipse in graphic coordinates CIRCLE_R [#n],x,y,r draw circle using relative origin CLCHP *1 clear all common heap allocations for BASIC CLEAR clear all variables, tidy BASIC stack CLOCK [#n,][string$] *1 displays a clock (try %Y %D %H %M %S) CLOSE [#n] [*1] close a[ll] channel[s] CLR_SEALST *RK00 don't use search list RAM1_, RAM2_, FLP1_, FLP2_ CLS [#n,][o%] clears all or part of a window. o%= 0: whole screen 1: top excluding cursor line 2: bottom excluding cursor line 3: whole cursor line 4: right end of cursor line, including cursor CODE(c$) returns ASCII representation of character COL(x512,y256) *my own toolkit. Returns colour of pixel using pixel coordinates COMMAND_LINE *2 for compiler only COMPILED *2 for compiler only CONNECT *2 ??????????????????? CONTINUE if a program has been stopped using STOP or <break> COPY file1$ TO file2$ [*1] copy a file. With TK2 default devices are provided COPY_H file1$,file2$ *1 copy file with header COPY_N file1$ TO file2$ [*1] copy file without header COPY_O file1$,file2$ *1 copy overwrite COS(F) returns cosine COT(F) returns cotangent CSIZE [#n,]x,y set characcter size. x=0,1,2,3 ; y=0,1 CURDIS [#n] *1 suppress cursor CURSEN [#n] *1 enable cursor CURSOR [#n],x,y set cursor position using PIXEL coordinates (relative to window origin) CURSOR_OFF [#n] *2 use CURDIS, it is shorter and more reliable CURSOR_ON [#n] *2 use CURSEN, shorter and more reliable DATAD$ *1 returns default data device DATASPACE *2 DATA_AREA *2 DATA_USE drv$ *1 set default data device DATE returns seconds since anno tobac DATE$ returns a string containing actual time DAY$ returns a string with actual day DDOWN name$ *1 kind of subdirectory handling using default data device and the default program device in a rather obscure manner. DEALLOCATE *2 DEFAULT_DEVICE *2 DEF_INTEGER *2 DEG(F) convert angle from radian to degree DELETE file$ [*1] delete a file DEL_DEFB *1 cure to large scale heap fragmentation, deletes file definition blocks. Dangerous ! DESTD$ *1 returns default destination for SPL DEST_USE name$ *1 set default destination for SPL DEVICE_SPACE *2 DEVICE_STATUS *2 DIMN(array(...)) returns the dimension of an array, or vector in an array DIR dev$ [*1] shows directory of device. With TK2 it uses defaults DISK_ED *4 nice Tool to edit single sectors on a floppy disk. DLINE n1 [TO n2] old fashioned BASIC editor primitive DLIST *1 lists default devices DNEXT name$ *1 kind of subdirectory handling using default data device and the default program device in a rather obscure manner. DO file$ *1 executes a BASIC batch file, which must not contain line numbers ! DOTLIN per1,per2,per3,c,x1,y1,x2,y2 *my own toolkit, draws a dotted line using pixel coordinates DUP *1 kind of subdirectory handling using default data device and the default program device in a rather obscure manner. ED [#n,][l] *1 full screen BASIC editor. Only works WITHOUT TAS instructions ! <ESC> undo line or leave editor <Shift> Up and down: page <F4> toggle insert/overwrite <Alt><Ctrl> left: delete line EDIT n% old fashioned BASIC editor primitive EDITF([#n,]F) *2 edits and returns a Floatingpoint number EDITOR file$ *4 Starts a new file editor session (Assembler Workbench) EDIT$(str$) *2 edits and returns a string EDIT%(n%) *2 edits and returns an integer ELLIPSE [#n,]x,y,r,e draw an ellipse using graphic coordinates ELLIPSE_R [#n,]x,y,r,e draw an ellipse using relative origin END_CMD *2 when using MERGE instead of DO, last command in batchfile END_WHEN ????? EOF[(#n)] boolean function EndOfFile (without channel refers to DATA in program) ERLIN returns line which produced the last error ERLIN% ERNUM returns QDOS number of last error ERNUM% ERR_BL returning corresponding QDOS error number ERR_BN ERR_BO ERR_BP ERR_DF ERR_EF ERR_EX ERR_FE ERR_FF ERR_IU ERR_NC ERR_NF ERR_NI ERR_NJ ERR_NO ERR_OM ERR_OR ERR_OV ERR_RO ERR_TE ERR_XP ET file$ *1 execute for trace EW [#n TO] prog_file$ [TO file2$] [TO #m] [; parameter$] *1 execute and wait set up pipes and pass parameters EX [#n TO] prog_file$ [TO file2$] [TO #m] [; parameter$] *1 execute and ccontinue set up pipes and pass parameters EXEC file$ [*1] execute and continue. With TK2 same as EX EXECUTE *2 EXECUTE_A *2 EXECUTE_W *2 EXEC_W file$ [*1] execute and wait. With TK2 same as EW EXP(F) returns e^F EXTERNAL *2 EXTRAS [#n].*1. shows any non standard procedures EXT_FN EXT_PROC FCO *my own toolkit, Fast hardcopy FDAT(#n) *1 return dataspace of file FDEC$(value,field,ndp) *1 fixed format decimal FEXP$(value,field,ndp) *1 fixed exponent format FILE_ED *?? nice tool FILL [#n,]b enables (b=1) or disables (B=0) fill mode in this window FILL$(c$,n) returns c$ n times FLASH [#n,]b does not work on the Amiga, flashing not implemented FLEN(#n) *1 returns length of file FLOAT$(F) *2 returns a 6 byte internal representation of a FP number FLP_OPT *floppy controller, will not work on the Amiga yet. FLP_USE str$ *flp device redefinition (for example FLP_USE 'MDV' will emulate a microdrive on the floppy) FLUSH [#n] *1 flush file buffers FNAME$(#n) *1 returns the filename for this channel FOPEN(#n,file$) *1 open file for read/write and return error status FOP_DIR(#n,file$) *1 open directory and return error status (may be read only) FOP_IN(#n,file$) *1 open file for input and return error status FOP_NEW(#n,file$) *1 create and open new file for output, return error status FOP_OVER(#n,file$) *1 open old file for overwrite, return error status FORMAT name$ format a device (implemented only for FLP) FPOS(#n) *1 return actual file pointer FREE_MEM *1 a measure for the amount of available memory in bytes FREE_MEMORY *2 long form, may differ in a few bytes FSERVE *1 Network server task, not implemented on the Amiga yet FTEST(#n) *1 check if file exists FTYP(#n) *1 returns file type: 0=text , 1=executable , 2=relocatable FUNCTION *2 FUPDT(#n) *1 returns file update date FXTRA(#n) *1 returns file extra information GET #n [\ptr,]var_list *1 unformatted input of variables. The type of the variables should agree with the corresponding items to read. GETF(#n) *2 unformatted input of floatingpoint variables GETXY x%,y% *my own toolkit, starts a crosshair cursor and returns the PIXEL coordinates GET$(#n) *2 unformatted input of strings GET%(#n) *2 unformatted input of integer GLOBAL *2 ??? HCO *my own toolkit, makes a hardcopy with grey steps HEX(string$) *1 hexadecimal conversion HEX$(n,bits) *1 returns hex representation IDEC$(value,field,ndp) *1 number format conversion IMPLICIT$ *2 IMPLICIT% *2 INK [#n,] c set colour [0..255 including stipples] for PRINT, LINE ... INKEY$[#n,][time] input one character from channel, timeout in 1/50 sec Warnig ! the cursor must be enabled ! INPUT ("Last guess " & guess & "New guess?") ! guess INPUT "Nice day,";isnt_it and advanced version of the goodigood INPUT INPUT$ *2 INT(F) returns the next bigger integer to F (+-32768) INTEGER$ *2 INVXY x%,y% *my own toolkit, xors a cross at x%,y% using PIXEL coorrdinates JOBS [#n] *1 lists active jobs JOB$(ID) *1 return name of Job with ID KEYROW(row) returns a raw key matrix pattern in QL like form: 1 2 4 8 16 32 64 128 ctrl 7 shift Alt X V / N , 6 8 2 6 Q E O T U 5 9 W I TAB R - Y 4 L 3 H 1 A P D J caps 3 | Lock K S F = G ; 2 | Z C B ` M ~ enter down 1 <- up ESC -> \ space 0 F4 F1 5 F2 F3 F5 4 7 LBYTES file$,adr load a contents of a file to specified address LDRAW x,y,x1,y1,c *my own toolkit, draw line using PIXEL coordinates LEN(str$) returns length of a string LIBERATE filename$[;] *3 loads the QLIBerator BASIC compiler LINE [#n,] [x,y] TO x1,y1 [TO...] draw line using graphic coordinates LINE_R same for relative origin LINK_LOAD *2 LINK_LOAD_A *2 LINK_LOAD_W *2 LIST [n] [TO m] old fashioned Basic editor primitive LIST_TASKS *2 If you like to type long stories... LN(F) natural logarithm LOAD file$ loads a BASIC program LOG10(F) decadic logarithm LRESPR file$ *1 loads a RAM toolkit into the resident procedure area LRUN file$ load and run a basic program MERGE file$ merges a BASIC program to the current one MODE n 8 selects low resolution (8 colour) mode, 4 selects high resolution (4 colour) mode. The 8 colour mode is not emulated. Future expansion to 640 x 512 is intended. MOVE [#n,] distance Move turtle of turtle graphics MOVE_MEMORY *2 MRUN file$ Merging can be programmed this way NET n set network station number. Not implemented on the Amiga yet. You are welcome to help us ! NEW try it after you have written 3 hours on a BASIC program NFS_USE str$ *1 Network devicename redefinition, sorry, don't do anything. NXJOB(ID,Top_job_id) *1 returns ID of next job in tree OJOB(ID [or name]) *1 find owner of Job OPEN #n,file$ [*1] opens a file for read/write. With TK2 uses defaults OPEN_DIR #n,dev$ opens directory of given device (may be read only) OPEN_IN #n,file$ [*1] open file for read only OPEN_NEW #n,file$ [*1] create and open file OPEN_OVER #n,file$ *1 open file for output and rewrite OPTION_CMD$ *2 OVER [#n,]switch 0 : print ink on strip 1 : print ink on transparent strip -1 : XOR data on screen OV_OFF *new ! disable overflow error. Be carefull ! OV_ON *new ! enable overflow error PAINT x,y,c *my own toolkit, fills a closed figure on the screen at x,y in PIXEL coordinates with colour c PAN [#n,]distance[,part] pan window #n distance pixel to the left (positive number) part = 0 : whole screen (default) = 3 : whole cursor line = 4 : right hand end of cursor line PAPER [#n,]colour[,contrast,stipple] set background colour PARNAM$(n) *1 returns the name of the n'th formal parameter of a function (may not work) PARSTR$(parameter,n) *1 returns the name or the string if it is a string expr. PARTYP(n) *1 0 : null , 1 : string , 2 : floating , 3 : integer PARUSE(n) *1 0 : unset , 1 : variable , 2 : array PAUSE n suspend actual task (BASIC) for n/50 seconds PEEK(adr) 1 byte peek PEEK_F(adr) *2 6 byte peek PEEK_L(adr) 4 byte peek PEEK_W(adr) 2 byte peek PEEK$(adr,n) *2 n byte peek PENDOWN [#n] draw turtle moves PENUP [#n] hide turtle moves PI =3.1415927 PJOB(id || name) *1 return priority of job POINT [#n,]x,y[,x,y...] set a point in INK using graphic coordinates POINT_R [#n,]x,y[,x,y...] set a point in INK relative to last position POKE adr,n 1 byte poke POKE_L adr,n 4 byte poke POKE_W adr,n 2 byte poke POKE$ adr,a$ *2 n byte poke POSITION(#n) *2 return file position PRINT [#n,]item[s] print variables formatted. separators: ! intelligent space , 8 columns tab ; just separate. At the end prevents new line \ force new line TO n tabulate to column n PRINT_USING [#n,]format$,item[s] *1 the formatting string can contain the following symbols: ####.## fixed point decimal ##,###.## separate thousands with commas -#.###!!!! exponential form, optional sign +#.###!!!! exponential form, including sign PROCEDURE *2 PROGD$ *1 return default program device PROG_USE dev$ *1 set default program device PUT [#n,]position,item[s] *1 unformatted output using filepointer. The pointer will be updated QLOAD *3 Fast load !!!! does not work on RK00 !!!! QLRUN *3 Fast load and run !!!! does not work on RK00 !!!! QREF name *3 gives information about BASIC tokens QREF_A name *3 token information , sort of wildcard QREF_M *3 QREF_P *3 QREF_V *3 QSAVE *3 fas save (loading does not work anyway) QW file;"str" any number of parameters *3 like EW (see there) but using _OBJ extension QX file;"str" any number of parameters *3 like EX (see there) but using _OBJ extension QX_JOB0 ... *3 execute job with owner BASIC Q_CURSOFF [#n] *3 another cursor off utility Q_CURSON [#n] *3 another cursor on utility Q_ERR *3 returns the last error number Q_ERR_LIST *3 list function and procedures with disabled error handling Q_ERR_OFF name *3 switch off error handling for a procedure or function Q_ERR_ON name *3 enable error handling for a procedure or fuunction Q_L *3 Q_MYJOB *3 returns actual job id Q_PIPE *3 RAD(n) convert degree to radian RAM_USE dev$ *4 mdv emulation for Ram disk RANDOMISE [n] reset random number generator READ item[,item...] read data from program file RECHP adr *1 deallocate common heap (counterpart to ALCHPP) RECOL [#n,]c0,c1,c2,c3,c4,c5,c6,c7 recolour a window REFERENCE *2 forget it RELEASE_TASK *2 REMOVE_TASK *2 RENAME file TO newname [*1] rename files. with TK2 you may use commas to separate RENUM [start [TO end;] new][,step] renumber a basic program REPORT RESPR(n) reserve n bytes in resident procedure area, return adress RETRY retry after error (repeat instruction) RETRY_HERE RJOB id or name *1 force remove job RND[(n [TO n2]) return random number between 0 and 1 or n1 and n2 RUN [n] start execution of BASIC program SAVE file[,n1 TO n2] [*1] save BASIC program (as ASCII) SAVE_O *1 save overwrite SBYTES file,adr,n [*1] save n bytes memory starting with adr as file SBYTES_O file,adr,n *1 save memory overwrite SCALE [#n,]scale,origin set width and origin for grafic coordinates default is 100 at 0,0 (Monitor X/Y is included !) SCROLL [#n,]distance,part scroll window distance pixel part = 0 whole screen part = 1 top excluding cursor line part = 2 bottom excluding cursor line SDATE year,month,day,hours,minutes,seconds set clock (does not affect battery buffered realtime clock) SEARCH_MEMORY SET x%,y%,c% *my own toolkit: set pixel using pixel ccoordinates SET_CHANNEL SET_FONT SET_POSITION #n,p *2 set file pointer SET_PRIORITY SEXEC file,adr,size,dataspace [*1] save memory block as executable task SEXEC_O file,adr,size,dataspace *1 save memory block as task, overwrite SIN(x) return sine SNOOZE *2 SPJOB id,priority *1 set new priority for job SPL file *1 file spooler (Background printing) SPLF SPL_USE dev$ *1 set default spool device SQRT(x) return the square root of x STAT [#n,]dev$ returns device statistics STOP stop basic program (continue with CONTINUE) STRING$ STRIP [#n],c set strip colour SUSPEND_TASK *2 SYS_RESET *new does not work on Amiga (CRASH !!!) S_GPOS #n *4 position of filepointer for screens S_LOAD #n *4 load compressed picture from file S_SAVE #n[,size] *4 compress and save picure S_SPOS *4 TAN(x) return tangent of x THROW_AWAY *2 do it TK2_EXT *1 force Toolkit 2 extensions TK_VER$ *2 TRA adr set translate table for output (to printer) TRUNCATE #n *1 truncate overwrite file TURN [#n],angle turn turtle specified angle TURNTO [#n],angle turn turtle specified angle absolute TYPE_IN #n,str$ *2 writes string to a channel (a bit tricky, but usefull) UNDER [#n,] 0 or 1 turns underlining on (1) or off (0) VER$ returns a string with the QDOS version VIEW [#n,]file *1 a little bit like the usual TYPE WCOPY file1,file2 *1 wildcard copy. The Wildcard is the Underliner '_' ! WDEL file *1 wildcard delete ( Wildcard='_' Underliner ! ) WDEL_F *1 !!!! Danger !!!! WDIR *1 wildcard directory (Wildcard='_' Underliner !) WHEN_ERROR *2 WIDTH [#n,]line_width set default width of devices (AUTOMATIC LF !) WINDOW [#n,]sx,sy,x,y specify window size (sx,sy) and origin (x,y) in pixel WMON *1 default monitor screen WREN name1,name2 *1 wildcard rename (Wildcard='_' Underliner !) WSTAT files *1 wildcard file statistics WTV *1 default TV screen 4) Introduction to DOS-calls a) Supervisor TRAP (#0) Enter Supervisormode with TRAP #0 b) Manager TRAPs (#1) system calls [ MOVEQ #??,D0 .... TRAP #1] D0=$00 MT.INF provide current job and system information Call parameters Return parameters D1 D1.L current Job ID D2 D2.L ASCII version D3 D3 preserved A0 A0 pointer to system variables A1 A1 preserved A2 A2 preserved A3 A3 preserved D0=$01 MT.CJOB create a job in transient prog. area Call parameters Return parameters D1.L owner JOB ID D1.L Job ID D2.L length of code(bytes) D2 preserved D3.L length of data space D3 preserved A0 A0 base of area allocated A1 start address or 0 A1 preserved A2 A2 preserved A3 A3 preserved Errors : OM,NJ D0=$02 MT.JINF Provide information on a job Call parameters Return parameters D1.L JOB ID D1.L next Job in tree D2.L Job at top of tree D2.L owner of Job D3 D3 MSB<0 if suspended, LSB=priority A0 A0 base address of job A1 A1 ? A2 A2 preserved A3 A3 preserved Errors : NJ D0=$03 illegal system trap D0=$04 MT.RJOB Remove job from transient prog. area Call parameters Return parameters D1.L JOB ID D1 ? D2 D2 ? D3.L Error code D3 ? A0 A0 ? A1 A1 ? A2 A2 ? A3 A3 ? Errors : NJ,NC D0=$05 MT.FRJOB force remove job from transient prog. area Call parameters Return parameters D1.L JOB ID D1 ? D2 D2 ? D3.L Error code D3 ? A0 A0 ? A1 A1 ? A2 A2 ? A3 A3 ? Errors : NJ D0=$06 MT.FREE finds largest contiguous free trans. prog. space Call parameters Return parameters D1 D1.L length of space D2 D2 ? D3 D3 ? A0 A0 ? A1 A1 ? A2 A2 ? A3 A3 ? D0=$07 MT.TRAPV sets per job pointer to trap vectors Call parameters Return parameters D1.L JOB ID D1.L Job ID D2 D2 preserved D3 D3 preserved A0 A0 base of job A1 pointer to table A1 ? A2 A2 preserved A3 A3 preserved D0=$08 MT.SUSJB suspend job Call parameters Return parameters D1.L JOB ID D1.L Job ID D2 D2 preserved D3.W timeout D3 preserved A0 A0 base of job control area A1 address of flag byte A1 preserved A2 A2 preserved A3 A3 preserved Errors : NJ D0=$09 MT.RELJB Release job Call parameters Return parameters D1.L JOB ID D1.L Job ID D2 D2 preserved D3 D3 preserved A0 A0 base of job control area A1 A1 preserved A2 A2 preserved A3 A3 preserved Errors : NJ D0=$0A MT.ACTIV activate job Call parameters Return parameters D1.L JOB ID D1.L Job ID D2.B priority (0-127) D2 preserved D3.W timeout (-1,0) D3 preserved A0 A0 base of job control area A1 A1 preserved A2 A2 preserved A3 A3 preserved Errors : NJ,NC D0=$0B MT.PRIOR change a job's priority Call parameters Return parameters D1.L JOB ID D1.L Job ID D2.B priority (0-127) D2 preserved D3 D3 preserved A0 A0 base of job control area A1 A1 preserved A2 A2 preserved A3 A3 preserved Errors : NJ D0=$0C MT.ALLOC allocate an area in a heap Call parameters Return parameters D1.L required length D1.L allocated length D2 D2 ? D3 D3 ? A0 pointer to pointer A0 base of area allocated to free space A1 A1 ? A2 A2 ? A3 A3 ? A6 base address A6 preserved Errors : OM D0=$0D MT.LNKFR link free space back into heap Call parameters Return parameters D1.L length to link in D1 ? D2 D2 ? D3 D3 ? A0 base of new space A0 ? A1 pointer to pointer A1 ? to free space A2 A2 ? A3 A3 ? A6 base address A6 preserved D0=$0E MT.ALRES allocate resident procedure area Call parameters Return parameters D1.L no. of bytes required D1 ? D2 D2 ? D3 D3 ? A0 A0 base address of area A1 A1 ? A2 A2 ? A3 A3 ? Errors : OM,NC D0=$0F MT.RERES release resident procedure area Call parameters Return parameters D1 D1 ? D2 D2 ? D3 D3 ? A0 A0 ? A1 A1 ? A2 A2 ? A3 A3 ? Errors : NC D0=$10 MT.DMODE Sets or reads the display mode Call parameters Return parameters D1.B -1 read mode D1.B display mode 0 : 512*256 8 : 256*256 D2.B -1 read display D2.B display type 0 : monitor 1 : TV D3 D3 preserved A0 A0 preserved A1 A1 preserved A2 A2 preserved A3 A3 ? D0=$11 MT.IPCOM Sends a command to the IPC Call parameters Return parameters D1 D1.B IPC return parameter D2 D2 preserved D3 D3 preserved D5 D5 ? D7 D7 ? A0 A0 preserved A1 A1 preserved A2 A2 preserved A3.L pointer to command A3 preserved D0=$12 MT.BAUD sets the baud rate Call parameters Return parameters D1.W baud rate D1 ? D2 D2 preserved D3 D3 preserved A0 A0 preserved A1 A1 preserved A2 A2 preserved A3 A3 preserved D0=$13 MT.RCLCK reads the clock Call parameters Return parameters D1 D1.L time in seconds D2 D2 ? D3 D3 preserved A0 A0 ? A1 A1 preserved A2 A2 preserved A3 A3 preserved D0=$14 MT.SCLCK sets the clock Call parameters Return parameters D1.L time in seconds D1.L time in seconds D2 D2 ? D3 D3 ? A0 A0 ? A1 A1 preserved A2 A2 preserved A3 A3 preserved D0=$15 MT.ACLCK adjust the clock Call parameters Return parameters D1.L adjustment in seconds D1.L time in seconds D2 D2 ? D3 D3 ? A0 A0 ? A1 A1 preserved A2 A2 preserved A3 A3 preserved D0=$16 MT.ALBAS allocate Basic programm area Call parameters Return parameters D1.L no. of bytes required D1.L number of bytes allocated D2 D2 ? D3 D3 ? A0 A0 ? A1 A1 ? A2 A2 ? A3 A3 ? A6 base address A6 new base address A7 USP A7 new USP Errors : OM D0=$17 MT.REBAS release Basic programm area Call parameters Return parameters D1.L no. of bytes D1.L number of bytes released D2 D2 ? D3 D3 ? A0 A0 ? A1 A1 ? A2 A2 ? A3 A3 ? A6 base address A6 new base address A7 USP A7 new USP D0=$18 MT.ALCHP allocate common heap area Call parameters Return parameters D1.L no. of bytes required D1.L number of bytes allocated D2.L owner job ID D2 ? D3 D3 ? A0 A0 base address of area A1 A1 ? A2 A2 ? A3 A3 ? Errors : OM,NJ D0=$19 MT.RECHP release common heap area Call parameters Return parameters D1 D1 ? D2 D2 ? D3 D3 ? A0.L base of area to free A0 ? A1 A1 ? A2 A2 ? A3 A3 ? D0=$1A MT.LXINT links in an external interrupt service routine Call parameters Return parameters D1 D1 preserved D2 D2 preserved D3 D3 preserved A0.L address of link A0 preserved A1.L entry address A1 ? A1 -> 4(A0) ! A2 A2 preserved A3 A3 preserved D0=$1B MT.RXINT remove external interrupt routine from list Call parameters Return parameters D1 D1 preserved D2 D2 preserved D3 D3 preserved A0.L address of link A0 preserved A1 A1 ? A2 A2 preserved A3 A3 preserved D0=$1C MT.LPOLL link in 50/60 Hz poll routine Call parameters Return parameters D1 D1 preserved D2 D2 preserved D3 D3 preserved A0.L address of link A0 preserved A1.L entry address A1 ? A1 -> 4(A0) ! A2 A2 preserved A3 A3 preserved D0=$1D MT.RPOLL remove 50/60 Hz routine from list Call parameters Return parameters D1 D1 preserved D2 D2 preserved D3 D3 preserved A0.L address of link A0 preserved A1 A1 ? A2 A2 preserved A3 A3 preserved D0=$1E MT.LSCHD links in a scheduler loop task Call parameters Return parameters D1 D1 preserved D2 D2 preserved D3 D3 preserved A0.L address of link A0 preserved A1.L entry address A1 ? A1 -> 4(A0) ! A2 A2 preserved A3 A3 preserved D0=$1F MT.RSCHD remove scheduler loop task from list Call parameters Return parameters D1 D1 preserved D2 D2 preserved D3 D3 preserved A0.L address of link A0 preserved A1 A1 ? A2 A2 preserved A3 A3 preserved D0=$20 MT.LIOD links in I/O device driver Call parameters Return parameters D1 D1 preserved D2 D2 preserved D3 D3 preserved A0.L address of link A0 preserved A1.L entry address A1 ? A1 -> 4(A0) ! A2 A2 preserved A3 A3 preserved D0=$21 MT.RIOD remove I/O device driver from list Call parameters Return parameters D1 D1 preserved D2 D2 preserved D3 D3 preserved A0.L address of link A0 preserved A1 A1 ? A2 A2 preserved A3 A3 preserved D0=$22 MT.LDD links in directory device driver Call parameters Return parameters D1 D1 preserved D2 D2 preserved D3 D3 preserved A0.L address of link A0 preserved A1.L entry address A1 ? A1 -> 4(A0) ! A2 A2 preserved A3 A3 preserved D0=$23 MT.RDD remove directory device driver from list Call parameters Return parameters D1 D1 preserved D2 D2 preserved D3 D3 preserved A0.L address of link A0 preserved A1 A1 ? A2 A2 preserved A3 A3 preserved c) IO allocation TRAPs (#2) D0=$01 IO.OPEN opens a channel for I/O Call parameters Return parameters D1.L job ID D1 job ID D2 D2 preserved D3.L code where bit: D3 preserved 0 = old exclusive 1 = old shared 2 = new exclusive 3 = new overwrite 4 = open Directory A0.L addresss of name A0.L channel ID A1 A1 preserved A2 A2 preserved A3 A3 preserved Errors : NO,NJ,OM,NF,EX,IU,BN D0=$02 IO.CLOSE closes a channel Call parameters Return parameters D1 D1 preserved D2 D2 preserved D3 D3 preserved A0.L channel ID A0 ? A1 A1 preserved A2 A2 preserved A3 A3 preserved Errors : NO D0=$03 IO.FORMT Format a sectored medium Call parameters Return parameters D1 D1.W good sectors D2 D2.W total sectors D3 D3 preserved A0.L pointer to name A0 ? A1 A1 preserved A2 A2 preserved A3 A3 preserved Errors : OM,FF,NF,IU D0=$02 IO.CLOSE closes a channel Call parameters Return parameters D1.L job ID D1 ? D2 D2 preserved D3 D3 ? A0.L pointer to name A0 ? A1 A1 ? A2 A2 ? A3 A3 preserved Errors : NO,OM,NF,BN d) IO utilisation TRAPs (#3) TRAP #3 IO calls [ MOVEQ #??,D0 .... TRAP #3 ] D0=$00 IO.PEND Checks for pending input Call parameters Return parameters D1 D1 ? D2 D2 preserved D3.W timeout D3 preserved A0.L channel ID A0 preserved A1 A1 ? A2 A2 preserved A3 A3 preserved Errors : NC,NO,EF D0=$01 IO.FBYTE Fetch a byte Call parameters Return parameters D1 D1.B byte fetched D2 D2 preserved D3.W timeout D3 preserved A0.L channel ID A0 preserved A1 A1 ? A2 A2 preserved A3 A3 preserved Errors : NC,NO,EF D0=$02 IO.FLINE Fetch a line of character terminated by <LF> Call parameters Return parameters D1 D1.W number of bytes fetched D2.W length of buffer D2 preserved D3.W timeout D3 preserved A0.L channel ID A0 preserved A1.L base of buffer A1 updated pointer to buffer A2 A2 preserved A3 A3 preserved Errors : NC,NO,EF,BO D0=$03 IO.FSTRG Fetches a string of bytes Call parameters Return parameters D1 D1.W number of bytes fetched D2.W length of buffer D2 preserved D3.W timeout D3 preserved A0.L channel ID A0 preserved A1.L base of buffer A1 updated pointer to buffer A2 A2 preserved A3 A3 preserved Errors : NC,NO,EF D0=$04 IO.EDLIN edits a line of characters Call parameters Return parameters D1.L cursor/line length D1.L cursor/line length D2.W length of buffer D2 preserved D3.W timeout D3 preserved A0.L channel ID A0 preserved A1.L pointer to EOL A1 pointer to end of line A2 A2 preserved A3 A3 preserved Errors : NC,NO,BO D0=$05 IO.SBYTE sends a byte Call parameters Return parameters D1.B byte to be sent D1 ? D2 D2 preserved D3.W timeout D3 preserved A0.L channel ID A0 preserved A1 A1 ? A2 A2 preserved A3 A3 preserved Errors : NC,NO,DF,OR D0=$06 illegal System call D0=$07 IO.SSTRG sends a string of bytes Call parameters Return parameters D1 D1.W number of bytes sent D2.W number of bytes D2 preserved D3.W timeout D3 preserved A0.L channel ID A0 preserved A1.L base of buffer A1 updated pointer to buffer A2 A2 preserved A3 A3 preserved Errors : NC,NO,DF D0=$08 illegal System call D0=$09 IO.EXTOP invoke additional routines as part of screen driver D0=$0A SD.PXENQ return window size and cursor position (pixel) Call parameters Return parameters D1 D1 preserved D2 D2 preserved D3.W timeout D3 preserved A0.L channel ID A0 preserved A1.L base of buffer A1 ? A2 A2 preserved A3 A3 preserved Errors : NC,NO 0(A1) = X-dimension of window 2(A1) = Y-dimension of window 4(A1) = X-position of cursor 6(A1) = Y-position of cursor D0=$0B SD.CHENQ return window size and cursor position (character) Call parameters Return parameters D1 D1 preserved D2 D2 preserved D3.W timeout D3 preserved A0.L channel ID A0 preserved A1.L base of buffer A1 ? A2 A2 preserved A3 A3 preserved Errors : NC,NO 0(A1) = X-dimension of window 2(A1) = Y-dimension of window 4(A1) = X-position of cursor 6(A1) = Y-position of cursor D0=$0C SD.BORDR sets the border with and colour Call parameters Return parameters D1.B colour D1 ? D2.W width D2 preserved D3.W timeout D3 preserved A0.L channel ID A0 preserved A1.L A1 preserved A2 A2 preserved A3 A3 preserved Errors : NC,NO D0=$0D SD.WDEF redifines a window Call parameters Return parameters D1.B border colour D1 ? D2.W border width D2 preserved D3.W timeout D3 preserved A0.L channel ID A0 preserved A1.L base of buffer A1 ? A2 A2 preserved A3 A3 preserved Errors : NC,NO,OR 0(A1) = X-dimension of window 2(A1) = Y-dimension of window 4(A1) = X-origin 6(A1) = Y-origin D0=$0E SD.CURE enables the cursor Call parameters Return parameters D1 D1 ? D2 D2 preserved D3.W timeout D3 preserved A0.L channel ID A0 preserved A1 A1 ? A2 A2 preserved A3 A3 preserved Errors : NC,NO D0=$0F SD.CURS suppress the cursor Call parameters Return parameters D1 D1 ? D2 D2 preserved D3.W timeout D3 preserved A0.L channel ID A0 preserved A1 A1 ? A2 A2 preserved A3 A3 preserved Errors : NC,NO D0=$10 SD.POS positionm cursor at row, column (character) Call parameters Return parameters D1.W column number D1 ? D2.W row number D2 preserved D3.W timeout D3 preserved A0.L channel ID A0 preserved A1 A1 ? A2 A2 preserved A3 A3 preserved Errors : NC,NO,OR D0=$11 SD.TAB position cursor at column Call parameters Return parameters D1.W column number D1 ? D2 D2 preserved D3.W timeout D3 preserved A0.L channel ID A0 preserved A1 A1 ? A2 A2 preserved A3 A3 preserved Errors : NC,NO,OR D0=$12 SD.NL new line Call parameters Return parameters D1 D1 ? D2 D2 preserved D3.W timeout D3 preserved A0.L channel ID A0 preserved A1 A1 ? A2 A2 preserved A3 A3 preserved Errors : NC,NO,OR D0=$13 SD.PCOL previus column Call parameters Return parameters D1 D1 ? D2 D2 preserved D3.W timeout D3 preserved A0.L channel ID A0 preserved A1 A1 ? A2 A2 preserved A3 A3 preserved Errors : NC,NO,OR D0=$14 SD.NCOL next column Call parameters Return parameters D1 D1 ? D2 D2 preserved D3.W timeout D3 preserved A0.L channel ID A0 preserved A1 A1 ? A2 A2 preserved A3 A3 preserved Errors : NC,NO,OR D0=$15 SD.PROW previus row Call parameters Return parameters D1 D1 ? D2 D2 preserved D3.W timeout D3 preserved A0.L channel ID A0 preserved A1 A1 ? A2 A2 preserved A3 A3 preserved Errors : NC,NO,OR D0=$16 SD.NROW next row Call parameters Return parameters D1 D1 ? D2 D2 preserved D3.W timeout D3 preserved A0.L channel ID A0 preserved A1 A1 ? A2 A2 preserved A3 A3 preserved Errors : NC,NO,OR D0=$17 SD.PIXP position cursor using pixel coordinates Call parameters Return parameters D1.W X-coordinate D1 ? D2.W Y-coordinate D2 preserved D3.W timeout D3 preserved A0.L channel ID A0 preserved A1 A1 ? A2 A2 preserved A3 A3 preserved Errors : NC,NO,OR D0=$18 SD.SCROL Scroll all of a window Call parameters Return parameters D1.W distance to scroll D1 ? D2 D2 preserved D3.W timeout D3 preserved A0.L channel ID A0 preserved A1 A1 ? A2 A2 preserved A3 A3 preserved Errors : NC,NO D0=$19 SD.SCRTP scroll the top of a window Call parameters Return parameters D1.W distance to scroll D1 ? D2 D2 preserved D3.W timeout D3 preserved A0.L channel ID A0 preserved A1 A1 ? A2 A2 preserved A3 A3 preserved Errors : NC,NO D0=$1A SD.SCRBT scroll the bottom of a window Call parameters Return parameters D1.W distance to scroll D1 ? D2 D2 preserved D3.W timeout D3 preserved A0.L channel ID A0 preserved A1 A1 ? A2 A2 preserved A3 A3 preserved Errors : NC,NO D0=$1B SD.PAN Pans all of a window Call parameters Return parameters D1.W distance to pan D1 ? D2 D2 preserved D3.W timeout D3 preserved A0.L channel ID A0 preserved A1 A1 ? A2 A2 preserved A3 A3 preserved Errors : NC,NO D0=$1C illegal system call D0=$1D illegal system call D0=$1E SD.PANLN pans cursor line Call parameters Return parameters D1.W distance to pan D1 ? D2 D2 preserved D3.W timeout D3 preserved A0.L channel ID A0 preserved A1 A1 ? A2 A2 preserved A3 A3 preserved Errors : NC,NO D0=$1F SD.PANRT pans right hand end of cursor line Call parameters Return parameters D1.W distance to pan D1 ? D2 D2 preserved D3.W timeout D3 preserved A0.L channel ID A0 preserved A1 A1 ? A2 A2 preserved A3 A3 preserved Errors : NC,NO D0=$20 SD.CLEAR clears all of a window Call parameters Return parameters D1 D1 ? D2 D2 preserved D3.W timeout D3 preserved A0.L channel ID A0 preserved A1 A1 ? A2 A2 preserved A3 A3 preserved Errors : NC,NO D0=$21 SD.CLRTP clears the top of a window Call parameters Return parameters D1 D1 ? D2 D2 preserved D3.W timeout D3 preserved A0.L channel ID A0 preserved A1 A1 ? A2 A2 preserved A3 A3 preserved Errors : NC,NO D0=$22 SD.CLRBT clears the bottom of a window Call parameters Return parameters D1 D1 ? D2 D2 preserved D3.W timeout D3 preserved A0.L channel ID A0 preserved A1 A1 ? A2 A2 preserved A3 A3 preserved Errors : NC,NO D0=$23 SD.CLRLN clears the cursor line Call parameters Return parameters D1 D1 ? D2 D2 preserved D3.W timeout D3 preserved A0.L channel ID A0 preserved A1 A1 ? A2 A2 preserved A3 A3 preserved Errors : NC,NO D0=$24 SD.CLRRT clears the right hand end of the cursor line Call parameters Return parameters D1 D1 ? D2 D2 preserved D3.W timeout D3 preserved A0.L channel ID A0 preserved A1 A1 ? A2 A2 preserved A3 A3 preserved Errors : NC,NO D0=$25 SD.FOUNT sets or resets the character fount Call parameters Return parameters D1 D1 ? D2 D2 preserved D3.W timeout D3 preserved A0.L channel ID A0 preserved A1 base of font A1 ? A2 base of second font A2 preserved A3 A3 preserved Errors : NC,NO Format of Font: $00 lowest valid character $01 number of valid characters-1 $02..$0A 9 bytes of pixels for 1st character $0B..$13 9 bytes of pixels ... D0=$26 SD.RECOL recolours a window Call parameters Return parameters D1 D1 ? D2 D2 preserved D3.W timeout D3 preserved A0.L channel ID A0 preserved A1 ptr to colour list A1 ? A2 A2 preserved A3 A3 preserved Errors : NC,NO The colour list consists of 8 bytes, which contain the new colour for each old colour D0=$27 SD.SETPA sets Paper colour Call parameters Return parameters D1.B colour D1 ? D2 D2 preserved D3.W timeout D3 preserved A0.L channel ID A0 preserved A1 A1 ? A2 A2 preserved A3 A3 preserved Errors : NC,NO D0=$28 SD.SETST sets Strip colour Call parameters Return parameters D1.B colour D1 ? D2 D2 preserved D3.W timeout D3 preserved A0.L channel ID A0 preserved A1 A1 ? A2 A2 preserved A3 A3 preserved Errors : NC,NO D0=$29 SD.SETIN sets ink colour Call parameters Return parameters D1.B colour D1 ? D2 D2 preserved D3.W timeout D3 preserved A0.L channel ID A0 preserved A1 A1 ? A2 A2 preserved A3 A3 preserved Errors : NC,NO D0=$2A SD.SETFL sets flashing Call parameters Return parameters D1.B flash attribute D1 ? D2 D2 preserved D3.W timeout D3 preserved A0.L channel ID A0 preserved A1 A1 ? A2 A2 preserved A3 A3 preserved Errors : NC,NO D0=$2B SD.SETUL sets Underlining Call parameters Return parameters D1.B underline attribute D1 ? D2 D2 preserved D3.W timeout D3 preserved A0.L channel ID A0 preserved A1 A1 ? A2 A2 preserved A3 A3 preserved Errors : NC,NO D0=$2C SD.SETMD sets character writing or plotting mode Call parameters Return parameters D1.W mode D1 ? D2 D2 preserved D3.W timeout D3 preserved A0.L channel ID A0 preserved A1 A1 ? A2 A2 preserved A3 A3 preserved Errors : NC,NO modes: -1=XOR , 0=Ink on strip , 1=ink on transparent D0=$2D SD.SETSZ set character size and spacing Call parameters Return parameters D1.W char width/spacing D1 ? D2.W char height/spacing D2 preserved D3.W timeout D3 preserved A0.L channel ID A0 preserved A1 A1 ? A2 A2 preserved A3 A3 preserved Errors : NC,NO D1 = 0..3 (5 in 6, 5 in 8 , 10 in 12, 10 in 16) D2 = 0..1 (9 in 10 , 18 in 20) D0=$2E SD.FILL fills a rectangular block within a window Call parameters Return parameters D1.B colour D1 ? D2 D2 preserved D3.W timeout D3 preserved A0.L channel ID A0 preserved A1 ptr to block def A1 ? A2 A2 preserved A3 A3 preserved Errors : NC,NO 0(A1) = width in pixel 2(A1) = height in pixel 4(A1) = X origin (relative to window) 6(A1) = Y origin D0=$2F illegal system call D0=$30 SD.POINT plots a point Call parameters Return parameters D1 D1 ? D2 D2 preserved D3.W timeout D3 preserved A0.L channel ID A0 preserved A1 arithmetic stack ptr A1 ? A2 A2 preserved A3 A3 preserved Errors : NC,NO 0(A1) = Y coordinate (6 byte Float) 6(A1) = X coordinate D0=$31 SD.LINE plots a line Call parameters Return parameters D1 D1 ? D2 D2 preserved D3.W timeout D3 preserved A0.L channel ID A0 preserved A1 arithmetic stack ptr A1 ? A2 A2 preserved A3 A3 preserved Errors : NC,NO 0(A1) = Y coordinate end of line (6 byte Float) 6(A1) = X coordinate EOL C(A1) = Y start 12(A1) = X start D0=$32 SD.ARC plots an arc Call parameters Return parameters D1 D1 ? D2 D2 preserved D3.W timeout D3 preserved A0.L channel ID A0 preserved A1 arithmetic stack ptr A1 ? A2 A2 preserved A3 A3 preserved Errors : NC,NO 0(A1) = angle (6 byte Float) 6(A1) = Y end C(A1) = X end 12(A1) = Y start 18(A1) = X start D0=$33 SD.ELLIPS plots an ellipse Call parameters Return parameters D1 D1 ? D2 D2 preserved D3.W timeout D3 preserved A0.L channel ID A0 preserved A1 arithmetic stack ptr A1 ? A2 A2 preserved A3 A3 preserved Errors : NC,NO 0(A1) = angle (6 byte Float) 6(A1) = radius C(A1) = eccentricity 12(A1) = Y centre 18(A1) = X centre D0=$34 SD.SCALE sets window scale Call parameters Return parameters D1 D1 ? D2 D2 preserved D3.W timeout D3 preserved A0.L channel ID A0 preserved A1 arithmetic stack ptr A1 ? A2 A2 preserved A3 A3 preserved Errors : NC,NO 0(A1) = Y coordinate bottom line (6 byte Float) 6(A1) = X coordinate left hand pixel C(A1) = length of Y axis D0=$35 SD.FLOOD turns area flood on and off Call parameters Return parameters D1.L 0/1 D1 ? D2 D2 preserved D3.W timeout D3 preserved A0.L channel ID A0 preserved A1 A1 ? A2 A2 preserved A3 A3 preserved Errors : NC,NO D0=$36 SD.GCUR sets graphics cursor position Call parameters Return parameters D1 D1 ? D2 D2 preserved D3.W timeout D3 preserved A0.L channel ID A0 preserved A1 arithmetic stack ptr A1 ? A2 A2 preserved A3 A3 preserved Errors : NC,NO 0(A1) = grafics X coordinate (6 byte Float) 6(A1) = grafics Y coordinate C(A1) = pixel offset to the right 12(A1) = piixel offset downwards D0=$37 illegal system call D0=$38 illegal system call D0=$39 illegal system call D0=$3A illegal system call D0=$3B illegal system call D0=$3C illegal system call D0=$3D illegal system call D0=$3E illegal system call D0=$3F illegal system call D0=$40 FS.CHECK checks all pending operations on a file Call parameters Return parameters D1 D1 ? D2 D2 preserved D3.W timeout D3 preserved A0.L channel ID A0 preserved A1 A1 ? A2 A2 preserved A3 A3 preserved Errors : NC,NO D0=$41 FS.FLUSH flushes buffer for file Call parameters Return parameters D1 D1 ? D2 D2 preserved D3.W timeout D3 preserved A0.L channel ID A0 preserved A1 A1 ? A2 A2 preserved A3 A3 preserved Errors : NC,NO D0=$42 FS.POSAB position file pointer absolute Call parameters Return parameters D1.L position in file D1 ? D2 D2 preserved D3.W timeout D3 preserved A0.L channel ID A0 preserved A1 A1 ? A2 A2 preserved A3 A3 preserved Errors : NC,NO,EF D0=$43 FS.POSRE position file pointer relative Call parameters Return parameters D1.L offset to file ptr D1 ? D2 D2 preserved D3.W timeout D3 preserved A0.L channel ID A0 preserved A1 A1 ? A2 A2 preserved A3 A3 preserved Errors : NC,NO,EF D0=$44 illegal system call D0=$45 FS.MDINF Gets information about storage medium Call parameters Return parameters D1 D1 empty/good sectors D2 D2 preserved D3.W timeout D3 preserved A0.L channel ID A0 preserved A1 ptr to 10 byte buffer A1 end of medium name A2 A2 preserved A3 A3 preserved Errors : NC,NO D0=$46 FS.HEADS sets the file header Call parameters Return parameters D1 D1 lenght of header set D2 D2 preserved D3.W timeout D3 preserved A0.L channel ID A0 preserved A1 base of header block A1 end of header definition A2 A2 preserved A3 A3 preserved Errors : NC,NO 00 file length 04 file access 05 file type (0=data , 1=executable) 06 8 byte type dependent information (size of dataspace) 0E length of file name 10 up to 36 characters of file name 34 date information D0=$47 FS.HEADR reads the file header Call parameters Return parameters D1 D1 ? D2.W bufer length D2 preserved D3.W timeout D3 preserved A0.L channel ID A0 preserved A1 ptr to read buffer A1 ? A2 A2 preserved A3 A3 preserved Errors : NC,NO,BO D0=$48 FS.LOAD loads a file into memory Call parameters Return parameters D1 D1 ? D2.L length of file D2 preserved D3.W timeout D3 preserved A0.L channel ID A0 preserved A1 address for load A1 top address after load A2 A2 preserved A3 A3 preserved Errors : NO D0=$49 FS.SAVE saves a file from memory Call parameters Return parameters D1 D1 ? D2.L length of file D2 preserved D3.W timeout D3 preserved A0.L channel ID A0 preserved A1 ptr to data A1 top address of file A2 A2 preserved A3 A3 preserved Errors : DF,NO e) relative to A6 TRAP (#4) makes the next IO trap relative to A6 (for BASIC) f) Vectored utilities Vectored utilities [ MOVEA.W $???,An JSR (An)] !! Excuse me, I give up here. Everybody, who is interested is invited !! to complete this Manual and send the updated Version to me. 0C0 MM.ALCHP allocate common heap (D1) 0C2 MM.RECHP release common heap 0C4 UT.WINDW Set up window 0C6 UT.CON set up a console window 0C8 UT.SCR set up screen window 0CA UT.ERR0 write error message to #0 0CC UT.ERR write error message to a channel 0CE UT.MINT convert integer to ASCII 0D0 UT.MTEXT send message to a channel 0D2 UT.LINK link intem into list 0D4 UT.UNLNK unlink item from list 0D6 illegal Vector ! 0D8 MM.ALLOC allocate area in a heap 0DA MM.LNKFR Links free space into heap 0DC IO.QSET set up a queue 0DE IO.QTEST test queue status 0E0 IO.QIN put byte into a queue 0E2 IO.QOUT Extract a byte frrom a queue 0E4 IO.QEOF put EOF marker into queue 0E6 UT.CSTR compare two strings 0E8 IO.SERQ direct queue handling 0EA IO.SERIO General IO handling 0EC CN.DATE get date and time 0EE CN.DAY get day of week 0F0 CN.FTOD convert float to ASCII 0F2 CN.ITOD convert Integer to ASCII 0F4 CN.ITOBB convert binary byte to ASCII 0F6 CN.ITOBW convert binary word to ASCII 0F8 CN.ITOBL convert binary long word to ASCII 0FA CN.ITOHB convert hex byte to ASCII 0FC CN.ITOHW convert hex word to ASCII 0FE CN.ITOHL convert hex long word to ASCII 100 CN.DTOF convert ASCII to float 102 CN.DTOI convert ASCII to integer 104 CN.BTOIB convert ASCII to binary byte 106 CN.BTOIW convert ASCII to binary word 108 CN.BTOIL convert ASCII to binary long word 10A CN.HTOIB convert ASCII to hex byte 10C CN.HTOIW convert ASCII to hex word 10E CN.HTOIL convert ASCII to hex long word 110 BP.INIT basic procedure initialization 112 CA.GTINT Get integers from basic 114 CA.GTFP Get floats from basic 116 CA.GTSTR Get strings from basic 118 CA.GTLIN Get long integers from basic 11A BV.CHRIX reserve space on arithmetic stack 11C RI.EXEC Executes an arithmetic operation 11E RI.EXECB execute list of arithmetic operations 120 BP.LET return basic parameter value 122 IO.NAME decode a device name 124 MD.READ read a sector on a microdrive 126 MD.WRITE write a sector on a microdrive 128 MD.VERIN verify a sector on a microdrrive 12A MD.SECTR read a sector header on a microdrive 12C ANA_SYNX basic syntax analyser 12E TB_LIST first syntax table 130 EXP_SYNX expression syntax table 132 FMT_LINE format precompiled line 134 COMP_ERR error when compiling 136 STO_LINE store precompiled line 138 TKN_LIST convert precompiled line to ASCII 13A INI_STCK initialize basic stacks g) System Variables ($28000+??) 00 SV.IDENT Identification 02 extension flag 0:open path,1:OV error,2:No Clear ALCHP 03 CIA-A ICR 04 SV.CHEAP Base of common heap 08 SV.CHPFR First free space in common heap 0C SV.FREE Base of free area 10 SV.BASIC Base of BASIC stack 14 SV.TRNSP Base of transient program area 18 SV.TRNFR First free space in TPA 1C SV.RESPR Base of RESPR 20 SV.RAMT Top of RAM(+1) 2E SV.RAND Random number(constantly changing) 30 SV.POLLM Count of poll interrupts missed 32 SV.TVMOD 0 if not TV display 34 SV.MCSTA MC status register 35 SV.PCINT PC interrupt register 37 SV.NETNR Network station number 38 SV.I2LST list of INT2 drivers 3C SV.PLIST list of 50 Hz routines 40 SV.SHLIST List of scheduler tasks 44 SV.DRLST list of device drivers 48 SV.DDLST list of directory device drivers 4C SV.KEYQ keyboard queue 50 SV.TRAPV trap redirection table 54 SV.BTPNT most recent slave block entry 58 SV.BTBAS base of slave block table 5C SV.BTTOP top of slave block table 60 SV.JBTAG Current value of job tag 62 SV.JBMAX Highest current job number 64 SV.JBPNT current job table entry 68 SV.JBBAS base of job table 6C SV.JBTOP top of job table 70 SV.CHTAG value of channel tag 72 SV.CHMAX current channel number 74 SV.CHPNT Pointer to last channel checked 78 SV.CHBAS Pointer to base of channel table 7C SV.CHTOP Pointer to top of channel table 88 SV.CAPS Caps lock 8A SV.ARBUF Auto repeat buffer 8C SV.ARDEL Autorepeat delay 8E SV.ARFRQ Autorepeat 1/frequency 90 SV.ARCNT Autorepeat count 92 SV.CQCH Taskswitc character(^C) 94 SV.WP Write protect 96 SV.SOUND Sound status 98 SV.SER1C SER1 queue address 9C SV.SER2C SER2 queue address A0 SV.TMODE ZX8032 transmit mode A2 SV.CSUB CAPSLOCK routine ! now changed to Clock offset ! A6 SV.TIMO Timeout for transmit A8 SV.TIMOV Value of switching timeout (2 chars.) AA SV.FSTAT Flashing cursor status F2 Amiga screen priority F4 Blitter server h) Basic Variables (??(A6)) 00 BV.BFBAS buffer base 04 BV.BFP buffer running pointer 08 BV.TKBAS token list 0C BV.TKP token list running pointer 10 BV.PFBAS program file 14 BV.PFP program running pointer 18 BV.NBAS name table 1C BV.NTP name table running pointer 20 BV.NLBAS name list 24 BV.NLP name list running pointer 28 BV.VVBAS variable values 2C BV.VVP variable values running pointer 30 BV.CHBAS channel name 34 BV.CHP channel name running pointer 38 BV.RTBAS return table 3C BV.RTP return table running pointer 40 BV.LNBAS line number table 44 BV.LNP line number running pointer 48 BV.BTP backtrack stack 4C BV.BTBAS backtrack running pointer 50 BV.TGP temporary graph stack 54 BV.TGBAS graph stack running pointer 58 BV.RIP arithmetic stack 5C BV.RIBAS arithmetic stack running pointer 60 BV.SSP system stack 64 BV.SSBAS system stack running pointer 68 BV.LINUM current line number 6A BV.LENGTH current length 6C BV.STMNT current statement on line 6D BV.CONT continue ($80) or stop (0) processing 6E BV.INLIN Processing in the line clause or not 6F BV.SING Single line execution ON ($FF) or OFF (0) 70 BV.INDEX Name tab row of last inlin lp index read 72 BV.VVFREE First free space in vvtable 76 BV.SSSAV Saved sp for out/mem to back to 80 BV.RAND Random number 84 BV.COMCH Command channel 88 BV.NXLIN Which line number to start after 8A BV.NXSTM Which statement to start after 8B BV.COMLN Command line saved ($ff) or not (0) 8C BV.STOPN Which stop number set 8E BV.EDIT Program has been edited ($ff) or not (0) 8F BV.BRK There has been a break (0) or not ($80) 90 BV.UNRVL Need to unravel ($ff) or not (0) 91 BV.CNSTM Statement to CONTINUE from 92 BV.CNLND Line to CONTINUE from 94 BV.DALNO Current DATA line number 96 BV.DASTM Current DATA statement number 97 BV.DAITM Next DATA item to read 98 BV.CNIND Inline loop index to CONTINUE with 9A BV.CNINL Inline loop flag for CONTINUE 9B BV.LSANY Whether checking list ($ff) or not (0) 9C BV.LSBEF Invisible top line 9E BV.LSBAS Bottom line in window A0 BV.LSAFT Invisible bottom line A2 BV.LENLN Length of window line A4 BV.MAXLN Max. number of window lines A6 BV.TOTLN Number of window line so far AA BV.AUTO Whether AUTO/EDIT is on ($FF) or off (0) AB BV.PRINT Print from prtok ($ff) or leave in buffer AC BV.EDLIN Line number to edit next AE BV.EDINC Increment on edit range E0 Toolkit 2 ALCHP EC QLIB_RUN i) error codes and messages Errors are returned in D0 throughout the whole system. If D0 is set to 0, then no error has occured. Any negative number means that the operation has errored. -1 ERR.NC Not complete -2 ERR.NJ Invalid Job -3 ERR.OM out of memory -4 ERR.OR out of range -5 ERR.BO Buffer full -6 ERR.NO Channel not open -7 ERR.NF Not found -8 ERR.EX already exists -9 ERR.IU in use -10 ERR.EF end of file -11 ERR.DF drive full -12 ERR.BN bad name -13 ERR.TE Xmit error -14 ERR.FF Format failed -15 ERR.BP bad parameter -16 ERR.FE bad medium -17 ERR.XP error in expression -18 ERR.OV overflow -19 ERR.NI not implemented -20 ERR.RO read only -21 ERR.BL bad line j) Channel definition block k) File system channel definition blocck l) Job control block m) common heap header n) Window block definition 5) Software overview a) Toolkits T.Tebby Toolkit 2 [Qjump] This Toolkit is allmost essential for Working with QDOS. You should not try to use QDOS without this particular Toolkit! It provides you with JOB handling and parameter passing facilities, a full screen BASIC editor, a command line stack, wildcard file functions, default devices, definable keys and many other usefull commands. QDOS without the Toolkit 2 is unusable. Unfortunately this Toolkit is NOT public domain, otherwise I would have included it in this Package. ---- IMPLEMENTATION NOTES ----- This Toolkit is available as pure and unprotected software package, but it contains !!!!! TAS instructions !!!!! First load this Toolkit with adr=RESPR(16*1024):LBYTES FLP1_toolkit_cde,adr:CALL adr then let TAS_REPLACER_BAS do its work: LRUN FLP1_TAS_REPLACER_BAS (automatic replace will do) After this you will have a new version of the Toolkit, which does not contain the TAS instructions. Only use this version from now on. T.Tebby pointer interface and Window manager [Qjump] For those, who miss the Workbench and the mousehandling on QDOS this programm may be the most important thing directly behind the 68000 CPU inside the Computer. For others it is only a hinderance. You have to decide on your own. But there are some programs available now, which would not work without the pointer interface. Mostly these programs are as redundant as the pointerinterface itself, but you may have another opinion. ---- IMPLEMENTATION NOTES ---- You have to remove TAS instructions from PTR_GEN. (automatic mode) The other files (WMAN, PTK_BIN, QRAM) must not be changed ! T.Tebby Ramdisk [QJUMP] It comes normally together with the pointer environment and the QRAM kind of 'workbench'. I can not remember, if it contains TAS instructions, but it behaves a little bit strange, when you try to format the RAM disk. so only use it as dynamic ramdisk. If you really need a fixed ramdisk, try the commonly used RAM_bin. Giga-BASIC [ABC elektronik] Some useful and a lot of superflous commands. Mostly concerned with mouse and menue handling. Problems with compiler b) Languages QLiberator (BASIC compiler) [Liberation Software] This particular compiler has nearly the same degree of usefullness as the T.Tebby toolkit. The compiled programs are not among the fastest, but this compiler can compile allmost every program, it includes any M-Code toolkits in the object file, and produces small code when using the resident runtime library. The compiled programs can be linked as resident toolkits to the interpreter, the procedures can made accessable from BASIC including parameterpassing. ---- IMPLEMENTATION NOTES ----- This compiler is available as pure and unprotected software package, but the library contains !!!!! TAS instructions !!!!! use TAS_REPLACER_BAS to get around this problem. Afterwards you can compile TAS_REPLACER_BAS. Turbo (BASIC compiler) [Digital Precision] Is much faster than the Qliberator, but can not pass parameters back to the caller, and has a lot of small bugs and incompatibilities. Nevertheless it would be nice if the Turbo compiler would work with QDOS-Amiga, but up to now it does not work, and the reason is still unknown. Some Programs which are available for QDOS are compiled with Turbo, and these programs have often (but by far not allways) the same strange behaviour as the Turbo compiler itself. Supercharge was an ancestor of Turbo with a very remarkable copy protection 'device'. You must have seen it ! Turbo itself is not protected anymore. FORTRAN 77 and PASCAL [Prospero Software] These are the QDOS Versions of the widely used Prospero compilers, which give you access to all QDOS functions, and have only a few minor bugs (in my Version the Double Precision Arithmetic makes problems, when passed through Functions). They are using QDOS standard relocatable format and are linked with the same Linker which comes with the GST Macro assembler, and the GST QC compiler. Unfortunately there is a little handicap: The protection against copying consists of an EPROM which also contains parts of the runtime library. To get around this problem, you can use the supplied PRL (Prospero Resident Library) in RAM, but you have to reload it after every pass of the compiler. See example on the QDOS disk (F77_BAS). The supplied compiler supervisor does not work on the Amiga anyway. Computer one PASCAL [Computer one] It is in general a usefull PASAL compiler with a sort of integrated environment. It can generate executable Jobs in the new Version, but it is still a P-code Pascal. String handling is not implemented. This Compiler only works with !!! less than 1MB RAM !!! Metacomco PASCAL [Metacomco] Forget it ! Lattice C [Metacomco] The only full scale C implementation for the QL. Some Bugs are still alive, and the Floatingpoint arithmetic is terribly slow. It uses QDOS standard relocatable format and not Metacomcos own format. As with Lattice standard #ASM is not allowed, you have to write M-Code programs separately. ---- IMPLEMENTATION NOTES ----- The protection against piracy consists of an 8K EPROM which occupies addresses $C000 - $FFFF, mirrored at $E000. Make a copy from a normal QL with SBYTES FLP1_QLC_ROM,48*1024,16*1024 This file can then be loaded on the Amiga at the same address. Use ini_EPROM_BAS to initialize the EPROM. QC [GST] An integer C without STRUCTures and and UNIONs, containing some bugs, but allows for #ASM to be used. I have written some procedures to implement Floatingpoint Arithmetic, but it is still a torture to work with FParithmetic. Consider it as an interesting alternative for Assembler. The GST macro assembler can be used to translate the output from this compiler. Not tested on QDOS-Amiga. Digital C [Digital Precision] Integer C without STRUCTures, UNIONs and #ASM. restricted to 32 Kbyte code. Derived from a Public Domain C for CP/M. Superflous, Not tested on QDOS-Amiga. BCPL [Metacomco] It was the first Compiler for QDOS. BCPL is an ancestor of C. Floatingpoint arithmetic is implemented using procedures, and thus is difficuld to use. For those who like such Veterans, it may well be worth to have a look at this compiler. It uses Metacomcos special linker. Runs without problems on QDOS-Amiga. LISP [Metacomco] A very special Version of LISP. Don't ask me to which standard it belongs, but it is not related to common LISP. Graphics and QDOS facilities are implemented. Runs without problems on QDOS-Amiga. FORTH-83 [Computer one] For those who like to work with pocket calculators on big computers, this may be the ultimate solution. Multitasking, graphics, floatingpoint arithmetics and QDOS access are integrated. Runs without problems on QDOS-Amiga. FORTH [Digital Precision] Another Forth. Try which you like more. I have not tested it, since I'm not interested in Forth anyway. GST Macro Assembler [GST] The only really professional Assembler ! Macro facilities far beyond the standard ! Produces standard QDOS relocatable Format, is small and fast. The only assembler which was able to translate QDOS and produce a running program. Included in the Test were some Amiga assembler (for example the Atztec assembler). Runs without problems on QDOS-Amiga. Metacomco Assembler [Metacomco] Very big (3 overlays), very slow, lots of bugs. The only reason for using this assembler may be to link M-Code routines to other Metacomco programs, since the Linker for all Metacomco programs are compatible. I have not tested this assembler on QDOS-Amiga. Computer one Assembler [Computer one] Fast, small, no Macros, no linker. Not tested on QDOS-Amiga. GenQL [HiSoft] Together with the MonQL monitor and a special editor it is a kind of integrated environment. A usefull Program. Not tested on QDOS-Amiga. c) Utilities EDITOR [Eddy Yeung] This editor comes together with the Assembler Workbench. It is related in most functions to the well known (at least for Amiga users) Metacomco ED, but much faster. Macros are not provided. It is my favorite Editor. Runs without problems on QDOS-Amiga. ED [Metacomco] You should know it from the Amiga. Runs on QDOS-Amiga wihout problems. C1Edit [Computer one] This editor is supplied with all Computer one programs. It is menue driven, but not very advanced. The only good reason for using it may be the error message include from Computer one compilers. Runs without problems on QDOS-Amiga. EDIT [Digital Precision] Very advanced editor, including a lot of macro features. Compiled SuperBASIC, very big. I have heard of some hard Bugs, when it comes to save a file ! Not tested on QDOS-Amiga. compiled Basic editors [weiss der Geier] there are a lot of other editors, which are mostly written in Superbasic and then compiled using the TURBO compiler. Among them are some, which make use of the Pointer interface. If you like to write programs with a mouse instead of the keyboard, try them. MAKE [Qjump] Assembler Workbench [Eddy Yeung] Another kind of integrated environment for assembler programmers. It provides online Help and an inline assembler. Unfortunately protected against copying, and available only on Microdrive cartridges. The cracked Version runs on QDOS-Amiga. QMON monitor [Qjump] A nice M-Code monitor, available as ROM. It is a good tool to have allways by the hand, allthough I prefer the MONQL MonQL monitor [HiSoft] has a corresponding assembler (GenQL) and is in general the most usefull monitor/debugger for the QL. The only disadvantage with it is, that it can not cope with addresses longer than 20 bits. This means, that you can only debug programs in CHIP memory with the MonQL. Perhaps some day HiSoft makes a new Version for Atari/Amiga/Thor2 users. We will be gratefull. QL super sprite generator [Digital Precision] Super Media Manager [Digital Precision] Compiled SuperBASIC. May cause lots of troubles. The only usefull thing is the included description of how QDOS handles Disks. This is worth reading, the program is for nothing. Solution (MS-DOS emulator) [Digital Precision] Terribly slow ! But CGA graphics is included. It is said to be faster than the Amiga Transformer. There may be some trouble in reading disks. Not testet on QDOS-Amiga. CPMulator (CP/M emulator) Think of an 0.5 MHz Z80. Apart for some bugs, thats it. Not tested on QDOS-Amiga. d) custom software Quill [Psion] The original wordprocessor for QDOS. It was standard software, included in the price of the QL. I have written a Patch, which enables it to use any kind of character set. You can print your formatted text to a file and use any program for advanced character printing on normal matrix printers. I prefer the Public domain NLQ package. Runs on QDOS-Amiga without problems. Archive [Psion] The original Data Base for QDOS. It was standard software, included in the price of the QL. Allthough not very advanced, and of course not able to handle pictures or sound, it may still be sufficient for most applications. (This is the kind of Data Base, which makes use of a special Language, which looks a litle bit like BASIC) Runs on QDOS-Amiga without problems. Easel [Psion] The original Buisiness Graphic program for QDOS, included in the price of the QL. Allthough you may find better programs on the IBM (for example Boing graph) it is still state of the art. Runs on QDOS-Amiga without problems. Abacus [Psion] The original Spreadsheet for QDOS, included in the price of the QL. It is not able to handle graphics, but still state of the art. Runs on QDOS-Amiga without problems. Exchange [Psion] The combined Quill/Easel/Abacus/Archive program, able to multitask, including a 'Task Sequency Language', which allows to write macros for all 4 programs. You need memory expansion for using this program. Runs on QDOS-Amiga without problems. Text 87 Advanced Word processor for QDOS. The new version runs without problemms on QDOS-Amiga, older Versions may cause trouble, since the zero divide trap is now handled by QDOS, and it allways occured on the first versions. GraphiQL [Talent] A picture drawing program for the low resolution mode. Protected against piracy. The cracked Version runs on QDOS-Amiga TechniQL [Talent] Another drawing program for high resolution mode. It has interesting features, includes a plotter driver, and may well be worth using. But there is a little handicap. The cracked Version runs on QDOS-Amiga (with problems). QL Art It is a nice picture drawing program, but it will not run on QDOS-Amiga. This stupid copy protection... MPaint [Medic Datasystems] The first picture drawing program for the QL which supported the mouse. It is a Basic program with some M-code extensions. The cracked and compiled Version runs on QDOS-Amiga (with problems) Page Designer Professional Desktop e) Games Games are mostly protected against copying, and are available only on Microdrive cartriges. But if you get a cracked Version of a game on a Floppydisk, here is a List of games, which may give you a survey. Chess [Psion] Really good, a classic, but as far as I have tested it, it will never run on the Amiga. It contains TAS instructions and attempts to change the contents of the operatingsystem ROM, which is now RAM !!! Match (Tennis) [Psion] Another classic, it works on the Amiga, but is too fast for playing, since the QL had only 1/4 of the Speed. QL Cavern [JMF] Grafic adventure (not comparable of course to Amiga games) Not too stuid, runs with modifications (Interrupts must be enabled !!!!!) on the Amiga QL Flight simulator [I don't know] HaHaHa QL Hyperdrive [doesn't matter] Is running but boring